The AV Club has a few columns about this in its Expert Witness series:

Judging by when this person said he taped and when the YouTube clips are dated, Wheel of Fortune runs on roughly a 6-week delay: http://www.avclub.com/article/wheel-fortune-winner-chad-mosher-consonants-vowels-218632

Jeopardy takes a taping hiatus in the summer, so presumably they stockpile (there are Jeopardy forums, though, where I bet you could get better answers): http://www.avclub.com/article/whats-it-be-one-jeopardy-clue-writers-216093

This person said the Price is Right had about a three-week delay: http://www.avclub.com/article/what-happens-when-you-win-ithe-price-is-righti-101445

I think some reality-competition shows might be filmed entirely before the season airs, though--you'd probably want to check the specific one you're modeling on, but I had that impression about the SyFy makeup/special effects show _Face Off_.